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Scientific and Juridical Expertise

An Accredited Field of Independent Professional Expertise in the Form of Conformity Assessment

The advantage of commissioning independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment in the field of scientific and juridical expertise from IPE LLC lies in the opportunity to engage professional experts whose scientific disciplines and specializations correspond to the matters specified in the Customer's order for expertise.

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Independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment in the field of scientific and juridical expertise helps determine a well-founded approach to addressing complex legal situations.

We examine legal provisions, contractual terms, and factual circumstances, including material changes in circumstances, legal grounds for applying the negotiated procurement procedure, and circumstances for which neither party to the contract is responsible.

The result of such expert research is an Expert Opinion issued following independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment in the field of scientific and juridical expertise.

The Expert Opinion is an independent expert document that may be used in negotiations, court proceedings, and dealings with government authorities, as well as submitted through the Prozorro electronic procurement system, in accordance with its intended purpose and conditions of use.

It provides professional expert support for making well-founded decisions and managing legal risks.

Specializations in the Field of Scientific and Juridical Expertise

We Organize and Conduct Independent Professional Expertise in the Form of Conformity Assessment in the Field of Scientific and Juridical Expertise

This section presents the specializations within the field of scientific and juridical expertise in which IPE LLC organizes and conducts expert research using specialized scientific and juridical knowledge.
Scientific and Juridical Expertise
Legal or Contractual Provisions and Issues Relating to Their Application

Expert research is conducted by professional experts possessing specialized scientific and juridical knowledge necessary to examine legal or contractual provisions and issues relating to their application.

Within the scope of expert research, a scientifically substantiated, non-official interpretation of the relevant provisions is provided, the specific aspects of their application to the circumstances under examination are analyzed, and conclusions are formulated in accordance with the object, subject matter, and purpose of the expertise specified in the Customer's order.

Independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment in the field of scientific and juridical expertise is organized and conducted by IPE LLC on the basis of an order prepared either in free form or using the provided template.
Sample Order 1.2
Algorithm for Conducting Independent Professional Expertise in the Form of Conformity Assessment in the Field of Scientific and Juridical Expertise Legal or Contractual Provisions and Issues Relating to Their Application
  • Identification of the Content of the Provision: (1) what rule of conduct the provision establishes: an obligation, a right, a prohibition, or a permission.
  • Determination of the Purpose and Function of the Provision: (1) what purpose the provision pursues;
    (2) what function it performs within the relevant legal framework;
    (3) what legal relations it is intended to regulate.
  • Determination of the Meaning of Terms and Concepts: (1) which terms and concepts are used in the provision;
    (2) determining the meaning of the terms and concepts, taking into account their statutory definitions, the context in which they are used, and their established legal meaning.
  • Identification of the Subjects of the Provision: (1) to whom the provision applies (the parties to the contract, third parties, public authorities, etc.)
  • Conditions for the Application of the Provision: (1) the circumstances under which the provision becomes applicable;
    (2) whether any time limits, events, or additional requirements apply.
  • Determination of the Scope of Application of the Provision: (1) which legal relations and circumstances it applies to;
    (2) which legal relations and circumstances fall outside its scope.
  • Scope of Rights and Obligations: (1) what is permitted, required, or prohibited;
    (2) the limits on the exercise of rights or performance of obligations.
  • Consequences of Breach or Performance: (1) liability, sanctions, compensation, termination of a right, etc.
  • Relationship with Other Provisions: (1) whether the provision is inconsistent with other provisions of the law or the contract;
    (2) which provision takes precedence in the event of a conflict;
    (3) whether the provision is general or special in relation to other interconnected provisions and how this affects its application.
  • Practical Application: (1) how the provision is applied in practice (judicial practice, business customs, market analysis, etc.);
    (2) whether different approaches to its application exist and what the differences between them are.
  • Formulation of the Final Results: (1) whether there are grounds for establishing whether the application of the legal or contractual provision is consistent with its actual content.
Scientific and Juridical Expertise
Material Changes in Circumstances That the Parties Could Not Have Foreseen When Concluding the Contract

Expert research is conducted by professional experts using specialized scientific and juridical knowledge necessary to examine material changes in circumstances that the parties could not have foreseen when concluding the contract.

Within the scope of expert research, the circumstances that arose or changed after the conclusion of the contract, their nature, significance, and impact on the performance of contractual obligations are analyzed, and their conformity with the established criteria for material changes in circumstances is assessed.

Independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment in the field of scientific and juridical expertise is organized and conducted by IPE LLC on the basis of an order prepared either in free form or using the provided template.
Sample Order 1.2
Algorithm for Conducting Independent Professional Expertise in the Form of Conformity Assessment in the Field of Scientific and Juridical Expertise Material Changes in Circumstances That the Parties Could Not Have Foreseen When Concluding the Contract
  • Identification of the initial circumstances: (1) the circumstances that existed at the time of concluding the contract;
    (2) which of those circumstances the parties considered material for achieving the purpose of the contract.
  • Analysis of Contractual Response Mechanisms: (1) whether the contract provides for mechanisms for responding to a change in circumstances, including provisions concerning the review of the contractual terms, negotiations, the allocation of the relevant risks, or termination of the contract.
  • Establishment of the Change in Circumstances: (1) what the change specifically consists of;
    (2) whether the change is objective rather than subjective in nature;
    (3) whether the change disrupts the balance of the parties’ proprietary interests;
    (4) whether the change deprives either party of what it expected when concluding the contract.
  • Scientific Substantiation of the Characteristics of a Material Change in Circumstances: (1) the unpredictability of the occurrence of such circumstances at the time of concluding the contract;
    (2) the materiality of the change in circumstances for the balance of the parties’ proprietary interests;
    (3) the duration of the circumstances that caused the change;
    (4) the impossibility for the interested party to eliminate the circumstances or their consequences;
    (5) the absence of fault on the part of the parties in the occurrence of such circumstances.
  • Verification of the Unforeseeability of the Change in Circumstances: (1) whether the parties could reasonably have foreseen such a change in circumstances at the time of concluding the contract;
    (2) whether such a change in circumstances falls within the scope of normal business risk.
  • Assessment of the Causal Relationship: (1) whether there is a direct causal relationship between the change in circumstances and the impossibility of performing the contract or the excessive burden of its performance;
    (2) whether the interested party has the possibility of eliminating the circumstances or their consequences;
    (3) whether the impossibility of performing the contract or the excessive burden of its performance is not caused by other circumstances unrelated to the change in circumstances that is the subject of the research.
  • Analysis of Risk Allocation: (1) whether the risk of such a change in circumstances is not allocated to the interested party under the contract or by law.
  • Verification of Compliance with the Principle of Good Faith: (1) whether the party took measures to minimize the adverse consequences of the change in circumstances;
    (2) whether the interested party attempted to initiate an amendment to the contract through negotiations.
  • Formulation of the Generalized Research Result: (1) whether the results of the research provide grounds for establishing whether the material change in circumstances corresponds to the scientifically substantiated characteristics;
    (2) whether the results of the research provide grounds for initiating an amendment to or termination of the contract.
Scientific and Juridical Expertise
Circumstances for Which Neither Party Is Responsible

Expert research is conducted by professional experts using specialized scientific and juridical knowledge necessary to examine circumstances for which neither party to the contract is responsible and their impact on the performance of contractual obligations.

Within the scope of expert research, the nature, causes, and consequences of the relevant circumstances are analyzed, particularly in relation to the impossibility of performing an obligation under Article 607 of the Civil Code of Ukraine or the existence of grounds for exempting a lessee from payment for the use of property under Article 762(6) of the Civil Code of Ukraine.

Based on the research results, the conformity of the established circumstances with the applicable legal criteria is assessed, taking into account the object, subject matter, and purpose of the expertise specified in the Customer's order.

Independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment in the field of scientific and juridical expertise is organized and conducted by IPE LLC on the basis of an order prepared either in free form or using the provided template.
Sample Order 1.2
Algorithm for Conducting Independent Professional Expertise in the Form of Conformity Assessment in the Field of Scientific and Juridical Expertise Circumstances for Which Neither Party Is Responsible
  • Determination of the Subject Matter and Legally Relevant Obligation: (1) which specific obligation has not been performed or has been improperly performed;
    (2) who is the obligated party;
    (3) what is the time limit and manner of its performance;
    (4) which law is applicable;
    (5) what liability may potentially arise;
    (6) which specific circumstances are invoked as grounds for exemption from liability.
  • Analysis of the Contractual Basis of the Obligation, Establishing: (1) the content of the obligation;
    (2) the time limit for performance;
    (3) the manner of performance;
    (4) the conditions of liability;
    (5) the conditions for exemption from liability;
    (6) the notification procedure;
    (7) the allocation of risks;
    (8) the consequences of impossibility of performance.
  • Analysis of the Regulatory Framework of the Examination: (1) which legislation is applicable;
    (2) whether there are any special provisions;
    (3) whether the applicable law is specified in the contract;
    (4) whether there are any special rules applicable to the relevant type of obligation;
    (5) what legal criteria for exemption from liability are established by law and the contract.
  • Determination of the Nature of the Circumstances: (1) what the relevant circumstances consist of;
    (2) whether they are objective and external to the parties.
  • Determination of the Time of Occurrence of the Circumstances: (1) when the relevant circumstances arose;
    (2) whether the respective contractual obligation existed at that time;
    (3) whether the impossibility of performance arose after the obligation had arisen.
  • Determination of the Nature and Duration of the Impact of the Circumstances on the Performance of the Obligation: (1) whether the circumstances render performance of the obligation impossible;
    (2) whether they merely make performance more difficult or economically disadvantageous;
    (3) whether the impossibility of performance is temporary or permanent in nature;
    (4) whether there is an objective possibility of resuming performance of the obligation;
    (5) from what point in time and for what period the impossibility of performance has existed.
  • Establishment of the Causal Relationship and the Possibility of Performing the Obligation: (1) whether it was precisely these circumstances that rendered the performance of the obligation impossible or more difficult;
    (2) whether there were any alternative means of performance;
    (3) whether performance was possible but economically disadvantageous;
    (4) whether the party was required to take reasonable additional actions;
    (5) whether such actions were actually available;
    (6) whether such actions were legally and factually permissible;
    (7) whether the party could reasonably be expected to take such actions.
  • Assessment of the Objectivity, Unavoidability, and Lack of Control over the Circumstances: (1) whether the parties had the ability to influence the occurrence or development of the circumstances;
    (2) whether the parties could have foreseen the occurrence of these circumstances;
    (3) whether the parties could have prevented the occurrence of these circumstances;
    (4) whether the parties could have overcome their consequences;
    (5) whether the circumstances were caused by acts or omissions of the parties;
    (6) whether the parties acted in good faith and reasonably;
    (7) whether the circumstances were beyond the parties’ actual control;
    (8) whether the circumstances were beyond the ordinary course of events.
  • Assessment of the Parties’ Conduct Following the Occurrence of the Circumstances: (1) whether the counterparty was notified in a timely manner;
    (2) whether measures were taken to mitigate the harm;
    (3) whether the party’s conduct following the occurrence of the circumstances complied with the requirements of good faith, reasonableness, and proper performance of the obligation to the extent that performance remained possible.
  • Assessment of Risk Allocation: (1) whether the contract or law provides that the risk of the relevant circumstances is borne by one of the parties;
    (2) whether it follows from the nature of the obligation or the contract that the respective party has assumed such risk.
  • Determination of Legal Consequences: (1) whether the grounds for exemption from liability have been established as conforming to the applicable requirements;
    (2) whether the circumstance affects the period of the impossibility of performance;
    (3) whether impossibility of performance has arisen;
    (4) whether termination of the obligation as a consequence of the relevant circumstances is provided for by law or the contract;
    (5) whether any other legal mechanisms exist.
  • Formulation of Legal Conclusions: (1) whether the circumstances may be qualified as circumstances for which neither party is liable;
    (2) which legal mechanisms are applicable.
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Scientific and Juridical Expertise
Grounds for Applying the Negotiated Public Procurement Procedure

Expert research is conducted by professional experts using specialized scientific and juridical knowledge necessary to examine and assess the conformity of the circumstances of a specific public procurement with the legal grounds established by legislation for applying the negotiated procurement procedure.

Within the scope of expert research, the relevant legal grounds are analyzed, including those provided for in Part Two of Article 40 of the Law of Ukraine “On Public Procurement” No. 922-VIII of December 25, 2015, and paragraph 13 of the Special Rules for Public Procurement of Goods, Works, and Services by Contracting Authorities Covered by the Law of Ukraine “On Public Procurement” During Martial Law in Ukraine and for 90 Days Following Its Termination or Cancellation, approved by Resolution No. 1178 of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated October 12, 2022.

Based on the expert research results, the conformity of the established circumstances of a specific procurement with the legal grounds prescribed by legislation for applying the negotiated procurement procedure is assessed, taking into account the object, subject matter, and purpose of the expertise specified in the Customer's order.

The Expert Opinion, as the result of independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment, may serve as supporting documentation supplementing the contracting authority's justification of the legal grounds for applying the negotiated procurement procedure and may be published in the Prozorro electronic procurement system together with the notice of intent to conclude a procurement contract, in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment in the field of scientific and juridical expertise is organized and conducted by IPE LLC on the basis of an order prepared either in free form or using the provided template.
Sample Order 1.2
Algorithm for Conducting Independent Professional Expertise in the Form of Conformity Assessment in the Field of Scientific and Juridical Expertise: Grounds for Applying the Negotiated Procurement Procedure

The expert research algorithm consists of two complementary components: the General Algorithm and Special Algorithms, which serve as supplements to the General Algorithm.

The General Algorithm establishes the basic sequence of expert research for examining the grounds for applying the negotiated procurement procedure.

The Special Algorithms are applied depending on the specific legal grounds, the legislative requirements governing their application, the particular characteristics of the subject matter of procurement, and the qualification criteria. They establish additional issues to be examined, assessment criteria, and documents subject to examination within the scope of the relevant independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment.

The General Algorithm for Expert Research is presented below. The relevant Special Algorithms are applied as supplements to it, taking into account the object, subject matter, and purpose of the specific expertise.

General Algorithm for Expert Research:

  • Determination of the Subject Matter and Procurement Need: (1) what exactly is being procured, in what quantity or scope, and for what purpose;
    (2) whether the need is real, urgent, and substantiated.
    A document containing the initial data concerning the subject matter of the procurement may be a request for an Expert Opinion where the contracting authority directly requests the Expert Opinion, or a letter from the contracting authority addressed to the procurement participant where the prospective procurement participant directly requests the Expert Opinion, acting pursuant to a specific instruction from the contracting authority to obtain an Expert Opinion for the purpose of establishing compliance with the grounds for applying the negotiated procurement procedure or for the contracting authority’s procurement of goods, works and services without applying the procedure for simplified procurement, open tender, and/or the electronic procurement catalogue with the participation of that prospective procurement participant.
    In the letter, the contracting authority shall:
    (1) refer to the procurement plan for the relevant year;
    (2) specify the subject matter of the procurement with a reference to the Unified Procurement Dictionary (CPV 021:2015), for example, CPV 021:2015 42120000-6 – Pumps and compressors;
    (3) specify the technical characteristics that the subject matter of the procurement must meet;
    (4) establish the qualification criteria applicable to the procurement participant;
    (5) refer to the legal provision under which it is considering the possibility of applying the negotiated procurement procedure or procuring goods, works and services without applying the procedure for simplified procurement, open tender, and/or the electronic procurement catalogue with the participation of that procurement participant
  • Determination of the Scope of Application of Procurement Legislation: (1) whether public procurement legislation applies to the procurement concerned;
    (2) whether the subject matter of the procurement falls within the exceptions provided for by law.
  • Identification of the Legal Grounds: (1) which specific ground is provided for by Part Two of Article 40 of the Law of Ukraine “On Public Procurement”, or paragraph 13 of the Special Provisions No.1178
    (2) whether the factual circumstances correspond to the substance of that ground.
  • Verification of the Absence of Alternative Procedures: (1) whether the application of the negotiated procurement procedure constitutes an exception rather than a means of circumventing competition;
    (2) whether there is no possibility of applying an open tender or other alternative competitive procedures.
    The research shall establish whether there was another lawful competitive route available for the procurement
  • Verification of the Conformity of the Subject Matter of the Procurement with the Documents: (1) whether the same goods, works, or services in respect of which the exceptional ground is invoked actually correspond to the subject matter of the planned procurement.
    The research shall take into account the specific features underlying the exceptional justification, including:
    (1) the uniqueness of the goods;
    (2) the manufacturer’s rights;
    (3) compatibility;
    (4) technological characteristics;
    (5) copyright;
    (6) technical necessity.
  • Temporal Relevance of the Evidence Provided: (1) whether the documents and circumstances relied upon by the contracting authority were valid and up to date at the time the decision to apply the respective procurement method was made.
    The following documents shall be covered by the research:
    (1) letters from the manufacturer;
    (2) Expert Opinions;
    (3) market analysis;
    (4) certificates;
    (5) permits;
    (6) information concerning the status of the sole supplier.
  • Verification of the Sufficiency of the Evidence: (1) relevance – the document concerns the specific circumstance;
    (2) admissibility – the document may be used to confirm the relevant circumstance;
    (3) sufficiency – the body of documents as a whole makes it possible to reach a substantiated conclusion.
    Within the scope of expert research, it is determined whether the documents provided by the Customer are relevant and sufficient for assessing the conformity of the circumstances under examination with the legal grounds established by legislation. The research also identifies which circumstances and documents substantiate the relevant legal grounds and which do not provide sufficient substantiation thereof.
    At this stage of the research, the expert establishes the conformity of the factual circumstances and documents with the applicable requirements, but does not make a decision on whether to conduct the procurement and does not determine the winner or supplier.
  • Verification of the Financial and Quantitative Conditions of the Procurement: (1) what is the expected value of the procurement;
    (2) whether it falls within the value thresholds for applying the respective procurement method;
    (3) whether the quantity/volume of the subject matter of the procurement has been determined correctly;
    (4) whether the determination of the subject matter of the procurement results in an artificial splitting of the procurement for the purpose of applying an exceptional procurement method
  • Verification of the Pricing Conditions of the Procurement: (1) whether the price corresponds to the subject matter of the procurement, its scope, and technical characteristics;
    (2) whether the price is supported by adequate documentary justification;
    (3) whether the price corresponds to available market and/or other objective indicators, where such indicators can be established;
    (4) whether the procurement contains any indications of an unjustified overstatement of the cost;
    (5) whether the determination of the price ensures the proper economic justification of the procurement in the absence of a competitive procedure.
  • Verification of the Exceptional Nature of the Circumstances: (1) whether the circumstances invoked by the contracting authority are exceptional in nature;
    (2) whether the factual circumstances correspond to the characteristics expressly defined by law for the relevant exceptional ground;
    (3) whether such circumstances actually existed at the time the decision to apply the respective procurement method was made;
    (4) whether such circumstances were objective and independent of the will of the contracting authority;
    (5) whether such circumstances are supported by appropriate and sufficient documentation;
    A document confirming the participant’s authority to hold exclusive rights to supply the goods, perform the works, or provide the services may be a letter from the manufacturer authorising the participant to carry out the specified activities.
    (6) whether there were any organisational, technical, or other conditions deliberately created by the contracting authority to create an opportunity to apply an exceptional procurement method;
    (7) whether there is a direct link between the exceptional circumstances and the need to apply the relevant exceptional ground.
    The research shall establish the correspondence between the data concerning the subject matter of the planned procurement and the data concerning the prospective supply of the goods, performance of the works, or provision of the services that may be provided by the participant as the only specific business entity capable of providing them.
  • Market and Alternatives Analysis: (1) whether there are other potential suppliers;
    (2) whether the absence of competition for technical, technological, and/or legal reasons has been substantiated.
    The market analysis of goods, works, or services shall be performed by an independent specialised organisation that carries out the relevant type of economic activity.
    In the absence of a specialised organisation, the market analysis of goods, works, or services may be performed by IPE LLC.
    Where a market analysis is conducted by IPE LLC, organisational separation shall be ensured between the conduct of such analysis and the assessment of its results within the expert examination, as well as compliance with the requirements of independence and impartiality.
    The report on the market analysis of goods, works, or services shall specify the sources examined, the results of their analysis, the relevant conclusions, as well as the methods and methodologies applied in the research.
    Where non-public sources are used in the research, the grounds for and lawfulness of their use shall be documented.
    The research period shall comprise the preceding calendar year and the elapsed portion of the current calendar year as of the date on which the relevant order is received.
    Within 12 (twelve) months from the date of the analysis, the analysis of goods, works or services may be applied to other orders, provided that the relevance of its results is confirmed, taking into account changes in market, technical, legal and other material conditions.
  • Verification of the participant’s legal and factual capacity to perform the subject matter of the procurement: (1) whether the participant’s registered types of economic activity correspond to the subject matter of the procurement;
    (2) whether the participant holds the required licences, permits, certificates or other documents, where such documents are required for carrying out the relevant activity;
    (3) whether the participant has the necessary technical, technological and organisational capabilities to supply the goods, perform the works or provide the services;
    (4) whether the participant’s documents comply with the established qualification and other requirements
    The research shall establish that the participant is capable of participating in the procurement based on its registered types of economic activities.
    The document confirming the types of economic activities of the procurement participant is an Extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, Individual Entrepreneurs and Public Associations concerning state registration in Ukraine, on the basis of which the participant’s registered types of economic activities are established.
    For non-residents, an equivalent document required under the registration requirements of the respective country shall be provided.
    The research shall also establish the legal capacity of the particular supplier to carry out the relevant activity, namely:
    (1) legal capacity and registration;
    (2) registered types of economic activity (KVED);
    (3) licences;
    (4) permits;
    (5) special statuses;
    (6) exclusive rights;
    (7) intellectual property rights;
    (8) technical capability;
    (9) actual ability to perform the supply, works or services.
  • Formulation of the Final Conclusions: (1) whether compliance of the grounds for applying the negotiated procurement procedure or for the contracting authority’s procurement of goods, works and services without applying the procedure for simplified procurement, open tender, and/or the electronic procurement catalogue has been established;
    (2) on which research results the established compliance of the grounds for applying the negotiated procurement procedure or for the contracting authority’s procurement of goods, works and services without applying the procedure for simplified procurement, open tender, and/or the electronic procurement catalogue is based
Scientific and Juridical Expertise
Grounds for Purchasing Goods (Works, Services) Without Applying the Simplified Procurement Procedure, Open Tendering, and/or the Electronic Procurement Catalogue

Expert research is conducted by professional experts using specialized scientific and juridical knowledge necessary to examine and assess the conformity of the circumstances of a specific procurement with the legal grounds established by legislation for purchasing goods, works, and services without applying the relevant competitive procurement methods.

Within the scope of expert research, the legal grounds provided for, in particular, by Part Seven of Article 3 of the Law of Ukraine “On Public Procurement” No. 922-VIII of December 25, 2015, are analyzed. With respect to the procurement by state contracting authorities of goods, works, and services for defense purposes, as well as other goods, works, and services necessary to ensure national security and defense needs, the legal grounds established by paragraph 9 of the Special Rules for Defense Procurement During Martial Law, approved by Resolution No. 1275 of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated November 11, 2022, are examined.

Based on the expert research results, the conformity of the established circumstances of a specific procurement with the legal grounds prescribed by legislation for conducting such procurement without applying the relevant competitive procurement methods is assessed, taking into account the object, subject matter, and purpose of the expertise specified in the Customer's order.

The Expert Opinion, as the result of independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment, may serve as supporting documentation supplementing the contracting authority's justification of the legal grounds for applying the negotiated procurement procedure and may be published in the Prozorro electronic procurement system together with the notice of intent to conclude a procurement contract, in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment in the field of scientific and juridical expertise is organized and conducted by IPE LLC on the basis of an order prepared either in free form or using the provided template.
Sample Order 1.2
Algorithm for Conducting Independent Professional Expertise in the Form of Conformity Assessment in the Field of Scientific and Juridical Expertise Grounds for Purchasing Goods (Works, Services) Without Applying the Simplified Procurement Procedure, Open Tendering, and/or the Electronic Procurement Catalogue

The expert research algorithm consists of two complementary components: the General Algorithm and Special Algorithms, which serve as supplements to the General Algorithm.

The General Algorithm establishes the basic sequence of expert research for examining the grounds for purchasing goods (works, services) without applying the simplified procurement procedure, open tendering, and/or the electronic procurement catalogue.

The Special Algorithms are applied depending on the specific legal grounds, the legislative requirements governing their application, the particular characteristics of the subject matter of procurement, and the qualification criteria. They establish additional issues to be examined, assessment criteria, and documents subject to examination within the scope of the relevant independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment.

The General Algorithm for Expert Research is presented below. The relevant Special Algorithms are applied as supplements to it, taking into account the object, subject matter, and purpose of the specific expertise.

General Algorithm for Expert Research:

  • Determination of the Subject Matter and Procurement Need: (1) what exactly is being procured, in what quantity or scope, and for what purpose;
    (2) whether the need is real, urgent, and substantiated.
    A document containing the initial data concerning the subject matter of the procurement may be a request for an Expert Opinion where the contracting authority directly requests the Expert Opinion, or a letter from the contracting authority addressed to the procurement participant where the prospective procurement participant directly requests the Expert Opinion, acting pursuant to a specific instruction from the contracting authority to obtain an Expert Opinion for the purpose of establishing compliance with the grounds for applying the negotiated procurement procedure or for the contracting authority’s procurement of goods, works and services without applying the procedure for simplified procurement, open tender, and/or the electronic procurement catalogue with the participation of that prospective procurement participant.
    In the letter, the contracting authority shall:
    (1) refer to the procurement plan for the relevant year;
    (2) specify the subject matter of the procurement with a reference to the Unified Procurement Dictionary (CPV 021:2015), for example, CPV 021:2015 42120000-6 – Pumps and compressors;
    (3) specify the technical characteristics that the subject matter of the procurement must meet;
    (4) establish the qualification criteria applicable to the procurement participant;
    (5) refer to the legal provision under which it is considering the possibility of applying the negotiated procurement procedure or procuring goods, works and services without applying the procedure for simplified procurement, open tender, and/or the electronic procurement catalogue with the participation of that procurement participant
  • Determination of the Scope of Application of Procurement Legislation: (1) whether public procurement legislation applies to the procurement concerned;
    (2) whether the subject matter of the procurement falls within the exceptions provided for by law.
  • Identification of the Legal Grounds: (1) which specific ground is provided for by Part Two of Article 3 of the Law of Ukraine “On Public Procurement”, or paragraph 9 of the Special Provisions No.1275
    (2) whether the factual circumstances correspond to the substance of that ground.
  • Verification of the Absence of Alternative Procedures: (1) whether the application of the negotiated procurement procedure constitutes an exception rather than a means of circumventing competition;
    (2) whether there is no possibility of applying an open tender or other alternative competitive procedures.
    The research shall establish whether there was another lawful competitive route available for the procurement
  • Verification of the Conformity of the Subject Matter of the Procurement with the Documents: (1) whether the same goods, works, or services in respect of which the exceptional ground is invoked actually correspond to the subject matter of the planned procurement.
    The research shall take into account the specific features underlying the exceptional justification, including:
    (1) the uniqueness of the goods;
    (2) the manufacturer’s rights;
    (3) compatibility;
    (4) technological characteristics;
    (5) copyright;
    (6) technical necessity.
  • Temporal Relevance of the Evidence Provided: (1) whether the documents and circumstances relied upon by the contracting authority were valid and up to date at the time the decision to apply the respective procurement method was made.
    The following documents shall be covered by the research:
    (1) letters from the manufacturer;
    (2) Expert Opinions;
    (3) market analysis;
    (4) certificates;
    (5) permits;
    (6) information concerning the status of the sole supplier.
  • Verification of the Sufficiency of the Evidence: (1) relevance – the document concerns the specific circumstance;
    (2) admissibility – the document may be used to confirm the relevant circumstance;
    (3) sufficiency – the body of documents as a whole makes it possible to reach a substantiated conclusion.
    Within the scope of expert research, it is determined whether the documents provided by the Customer are relevant and sufficient for assessing the conformity of the circumstances under examination with the legal grounds established by legislation. The research also identifies which circumstances and documents substantiate the relevant legal grounds and which do not provide sufficient substantiation thereof.
    At this stage of the research, the expert establishes the conformity of the factual circumstances and documents with the applicable requirements, but does not make a decision on whether to conduct the procurement and does not determine the winner or supplier.
  • Verification of the Financial and Quantitative Conditions of the Procurement: (1) what is the expected value of the procurement;
    (2) whether it falls within the value thresholds for applying the respective procurement method;
    (3) whether the quantity/volume of the subject matter of the procurement has been determined correctly;
    (4) whether the determination of the subject matter of the procurement results in an artificial splitting of the procurement for the purpose of applying an exceptional procurement method
  • Verification of the Pricing Conditions of the Procurement: (1) whether the price corresponds to the subject matter of the procurement, its scope, and technical characteristics;
    (2) whether the price is supported by adequate documentary justification;
    (3) whether the price corresponds to available market and/or other objective indicators, where such indicators can be established;
    (4) whether the procurement contains any indications of an unjustified overstatement of the cost;
    (5) whether the determination of the price ensures the proper economic justification of the procurement in the absence of a competitive procedure.
  • Verification of the Exceptional Nature of the Circumstances: (1) whether the circumstances invoked by the contracting authority are exceptional in nature;
    (2) whether the factual circumstances correspond to the characteristics expressly defined by law for the relevant exceptional ground;
    (3) whether such circumstances actually existed at the time the decision to apply the respective procurement method was made;
    (4) whether such circumstances were objective and independent of the will of the contracting authority;
    (5) whether such circumstances are supported by appropriate and sufficient documentation;
    A document confirming the participant’s authority to hold exclusive rights to supply the goods, perform the works, or provide the services may be a letter from the manufacturer authorising the participant to carry out the specified activities.
    (6) whether there were any organisational, technical, or other conditions deliberately created by the contracting authority to create an opportunity to apply an exceptional procurement method;
    (7) whether there is a direct link between the exceptional circumstances and the need to apply the relevant exceptional ground.
    The research shall establish the correspondence between the data concerning the subject matter of the planned procurement and the data concerning the prospective supply of the goods, performance of the works, or provision of the services that may be provided by the participant as the only specific business entity capable of providing them.
  • Market and Alternatives Analysis: (1) whether there are other potential suppliers;
    (2) whether the absence of competition for technical, technological, and/or legal reasons has been substantiated.
    The market analysis of goods, works, or services shall be performed by an independent specialised organisation that carries out the relevant type of economic activity.
    In the absence of a specialised organisation, the market analysis of goods, works, or services may be performed by IPE LLC.
    Where a market analysis is conducted by IPE LLC, organisational separation shall be ensured between the conduct of such analysis and the assessment of its results within the expert examination, as well as compliance with the requirements of independence and impartiality.
    The report on the market analysis of goods, works, or services shall specify the sources examined, the results of their analysis, the relevant conclusions, as well as the methods and methodologies applied in the research.
    Where non-public sources are used in the research, the grounds for and lawfulness of their use shall be documented.
    The research period shall comprise the preceding calendar year and the elapsed portion of the current calendar year as of the date on which the relevant order is received.
    Within 12 (twelve) months from the date of the analysis, the analysis of goods, works or services may be applied to other orders, provided that the relevance of its results is confirmed, taking into account changes in market, technical, legal and other material conditions.
  • Verification of the participant’s legal and factual capacity to perform the subject matter of the procurement: (1) whether the participant’s registered types of economic activity correspond to the subject matter of the procurement;
    (2) whether the participant holds the required licences, permits, certificates or other documents, where such documents are required for carrying out the relevant activity;
    (3) whether the participant has the necessary technical, technological and organisational capabilities to supply the goods, perform the works or provide the services;
    (4) whether the participant’s documents comply with the established qualification and other requirements
    The research shall establish that the participant is capable of participating in the procurement based on its registered types of economic activities.
    The document confirming the types of economic activities of the procurement participant is an Extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, Individual Entrepreneurs and Public Associations concerning state registration in Ukraine, on the basis of which the participant’s registered types of economic activities are established.
    For non-residents, an equivalent document required under the registration requirements of the respective country shall be provided.
    The research shall also establish the legal capacity of the particular supplier to carry out the relevant activity, namely:
    (1) legal capacity and registration;
    (2) registered types of economic activity (KVED);
    (3) licences;
    (4) permits;
    (5) special statuses;
    (6) exclusive rights;
    (7) intellectual property rights;
    (8) technical capability;
    (9) actual ability to perform the supply, works or services.
  • Formulation of the Final Conclusions: (1) whether compliance of the grounds for applying the negotiated procurement procedure or for the contracting authority’s procurement of goods, works and services without applying the procedure for simplified procurement, open tender, and/or the electronic procurement catalogue has been established;
    (2) on which research results the established compliance of the grounds for applying the negotiated procurement procedure or for the contracting authority’s procurement of goods, works and services without applying the procedure for simplified procurement, open tender, and/or the electronic procurement catalogue is based.
Cooperation Process

A Clear Sequence of Steps to Ensure the Quality and Transparency of Expertise

Each stage of cooperation is clear to the Customer, from the initial inquiry to the receipt of the Expert Opinion.
Shown 4 of 7 steps
01
Submission and Registration of an Expertise Order
The Customer sends a scanned copy of a duly completed order, signed by an authorized representative, to the official email address of IPE LLC (nfe@nfe.org.ua). Upon receipt, IPE LLC registers, reviews, and processes the order in accordance with its established internal procedures for organizing and conducting expertise. The original paper copy of the order is submitted to IPE LLC during the subsequent exchange of documents with the Customer.
02
Selection of the Expert Group
Following the registration and preliminary review of the order, IPE LLC selects experts whose competence and scientific specialization correspond to the subject matter of the research. The composition of the expert group is determined, and preparations are made to assess risks associated with cooperation with the Customer and the involvement of the selected experts.
03
Anti-Corruption Due Diligence and Assessment of Impartiality Risks

IPE LLC conducts due diligence on the Customer and the selected experts based on the information obtained and publicly available sources. Corruption risks, potential conflicts of interest, and other circumstances that may affect the independence and impartiality of expert research are assessed.

These measures are carried out in accordance with the requirements of the international standard ISO 37001 and the anti-corruption management system implemented at IPE LLC.

04
Establishment of Contractual Relationships

After clarifying the subject matter and conditions of the expertise and agreeing on the service fee and timeframe for its completion, IPE LLC and the Customer enter into an agreement for the provision of services related to organizing and conducting independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment.

At this stage, the involvement of each designated expert and technical specialist is also formalized through the conclusion of the relevant agreements between IPE LLC and the respective individuals.

05
Conducting Expert Research

Expert research is conducted in accordance with the defined scope of work, the established sequence of its execution, and the application of appropriate research methods. Each expert performs assigned tasks within the scope of their scientific discipline and area of specialization. The results of the experts' work are consolidated to produce a single Expert Opinion, in compliance with the requirements for the quality, objectivity, and impartiality of expert research.

The final activities of this stage include the preparation, signing, and registration of the Expert Opinion, as well as the compilation of an archival file for the completed expertise. The archival file, together with one original copy of the Expert Opinion, is retained by IPE LLC for 10 years in accordance with the documented procedures of the inspection body's management system, implemented with due regard to the requirements of the international standard EN ISO/IEC 17020.

06
Issuance of the Expert Opinion and Exchange of Documents

IPE LLC provides the Customer with the agreed number of authentic copies of the duly prepared, signed, and registered Expert Opinion.

At this stage, the parties also exchange original paper documents related to the performance of the agreement, including copies of the service agreement, the service acceptance certificate, and other documents stipulated by the terms of the agreement.

07
Tracking the practical application of our expertises
We periodically receive information from customers about how our expert opinions were applied and what problems and tasks were resolved with their help. Based on the results of expert research, we prepare scientific publications and other analytical materials.
Conducted Scientific and Juridical Expertises

Explore Practical Examples of How Our Expert Research Results Are Applied

The results of independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment contribute to informed decision-making, the prevention of errors, and the minimization of risks and potential losses across various fields of activity.
Scientific and Juridical Expertise

Frequently Asked Questions

What Is Scientific and Juridical Expertise?

Scientific and Juridical Expertise is an accredited field of independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment, within which expert research is conducted using specialized scientific and juridical knowledge.

Expert research is carried out in accordance with the object, subject matter, and purpose of the expertise specified in the Customer's order, applying established methodological principles, methods, and assessment criteria.

The result of the expertise is an Expert Opinion containing independent, scientifically substantiated findings of the expert research conducted.

What Matters Can Be Examined Within Scientific and Juridical Expertise?

Scientific and Juridical Expertise may cover legal or contractual provisions and issues relating to their application; material changes in circumstances that the parties could not have foreseen when concluding the contract; circumstances for which neither party to the contract is responsible; legal grounds for applying the negotiated procurement procedure; and grounds for purchasing goods, works, and services without applying competitive procurement methods prescribed by legislation.

The specific matters to be examined are determined taking into account the object, subject matter, and purpose of the expertise specified in the Customer's order.

Who Conducts Scientific and Juridical Expertise?

Scientific and Juridical Expertise is conducted collectively by an expert team consisting of at least three professional experts authorized by IPE LLC to perform the relevant types of work, whose professional qualifications and competence have been verified in accordance with the requirements of DSTU EN ISO/IEC 17020:2019.

The expert team is formed taking into account the scientific disciplines and specializations of the professional experts in accordance with the object, subject matter, and purpose of the expertise.

Expert research is conducted in accordance with the principles of independence, competence, and collegiality, ensuring the formulation of joint, objective, and scientifically substantiated conclusions without external influence on the professional judgments of the experts.

How Do I Submit an Order for Expertise?

An order for independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment may be prepared in free form or using the sample available on the IPE LLC website.

The Customer sends a scanned copy of the duly executed order, signed by the head of the organization or another authorized person and indicating its outgoing reference number and date, to the official email address of IPE LLC (nfe@nfe.org.ua).

The original order in paper form is submitted to IPE LLC during the subsequent exchange of documents with the Customer.

What Documents and Materials Must Be Submitted for Expertise?

The list of documents and materials required for conducting independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment is determined based on the object, subject matter, and purpose of the expertise specified in the Customer's order.

The Customer must provide documents substantiating the circumstances subject to examination, including relevant agreements (contracts), their annexes, correspondence between the parties, and other documents and materials necessary to fulfill the expertise assignment.

Within the scope of expert research, the relevance and sufficiency of the submitted documents are assessed to determine the conformity of the circumstances under examination with the established assessment criteria.

Can Professional Experts from Different Research Institutions Participate in the Expertise?

Yes. The expert team may include professional experts representing different scientific schools and research institutions whose scientific disciplines and specializations correspond to the object, subject matter, and purpose of the expertise.

Such experts may be engaged provided that their professional qualifications and competence have been verified and they have been authorized by IPE LLC to perform the relevant types of work.

This approach contributes to the independence, objectivity, and scientific substantiation of the expert research results.

How Long Does the Expertise Take?

The estimated timeframe for conducting independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment ranges from 1 to 10 working days, depending on the type, scope, and complexity of the expert research.

The specific timeframe for conducting the expertise is agreed upon by the parties and established in the service agreement, taking into account the particular requirements of the Customer's expertise assignment.

What Determines the Cost of Expertise?

The cost of conducting independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment is established in the service agreement, taking into account the subject matter of the expert research, the volume and content of the documents submitted for examination, the complexity of their analysis, the category of expertise (standard, non-complex, complex, or urgent), the expert-hour rate, overhead costs, and applicable taxes.

What Is the Result of Independent Professional Expertise in the Form of Conformity Assessment?

The result of independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment is an Expert Opinion — an independent expert document containing scientifically substantiated findings of expert research, formulated on the basis of objectively established facts and circumstances through the application of specialized scientific and juridical knowledge.

The Expert Opinion presents the results of assessing the conformity of the circumstances under examination with established criteria, in accordance with the object, subject matter, and purpose of the expertise specified in the Customer's order.

For What Purposes May an Expert Opinion Be Used?

An Expert Opinion may be used to provide scientifically substantiated confirmation of the circumstances examined when making managerial and business decisions, conducting negotiations, resolving contractual matters, and substantiating legal grounds for procurement. It may also be submitted to courts, public authorities, and other authorized entities.

The permissible purposes and scope of its use are determined by the object, subject matter, and purpose of the expertise, the content of the established findings, and the conditions governing their application.

An Expert Opinion does not replace a decision made by an authorized entity or guarantee that any particular decision will be made.

Is the Use of an Expert Opinion Subject to Time Limitations?

The use of the findings presented in an Expert Opinion is determined by their temporal relevance — the period during which the expert research results remain relevant to the established circumstances and the purpose of the expertise.

The expiration of the period of temporal relevance does not automatically deprive the Expert Opinion of its legal significance as a document. However, it may limit the use of its findings to substantiate circumstances whose relevance must be assessed at a different point in time.

If the circumstances examined have materially changed, new expert research may be required.

Cost and Timeframes

We agree on all terms and conditions before work begins and ensure their fulfillment in accordance with the concluded agreement.

The timeframe for conducting independent professional expertise in the form of conformity assessment is determined based on the category, complexity, and scope of the expert research and is agreed upon with the Customer before work begins. The estimated timeframe for conducting the expertise is 1 to 10 days.
We Agree on Timeframes Before Work Begins
We determine and agree on the timeframe for conducting the expertise with the Customer at the contract conclusion stage.
We Work in Accordance with the Contract
All details are specified in the contract, which protects both parties.
We Perform the Agreed Scope of Work
We conduct the expertise in accordance with the agreed object, subject matter, and purpose of the expert research.
We Meet the Timeframes Agreed Upon in the Contract
We organize the conduct of the expertise in accordance with the timeframes established in the contract.

The Cost and Timeframes for Conducting Independent Professional Expertise in the Form of Conformity Assessment Are Determined on a Contractual Basis.

They depend on the category of expertise, the complexity, and the scope of the expert research.
The cost and timeframes are determined by the following factors:
  • Categories of Expertise
    (standard, urgent, complex, non-complex)
  • Duration
    standard and actual
  • Cost per Expert Hour, established in accordance with the prescribed procedure for the current year
  • Overhead Costs
    IPE LLC's overhead expenses, including costs associated with the payment of taxes established by Ukrainian legislation.

Contact IPE LLC to Find Out the Cost of Expertise for Your Order.

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